UNIT 2 🌊🌋

 DISASTERS🌊🌋

 VOCABULARY:

• tsunami: sunami (1)
• volcanic eruption: erupció (6)
• eathquake: terretremol (7)
• flood: inundació (4)
• forest fire: insendi al bosc (5)
• drought: sequera (9)
• hurricane: huracà (3)
• landslide: esllavisada (2) 
• avalanche: allau (8)

• sample: mostra 
• worm: advertir 

ACTIVITY:

1))
   
    1.- The wave is enomous. It's like a wall of water. _____________
    2.- The mountains is very dangerous- rocks can fall at any time. _____________
    3.- The siutuation is dramatic. There is no water in people's homes between 8 am and 8 pm.______
    4.- The flames are now covering the hills but people's homes are not in danger. ______________
    5.- The building is shaking, it's really frightening._____________
    6.- The wind is so strong it's impossible to go outside.___________
    7.- I can see smoke and hot lava coming down the mountain._______________
    8.- It's a disaster, half the town is under water



ANWERS:

1.   TSUNAMI 
2. LANDSLIDE 
3. DROUGHT 
4. FOREST FIRE
5. EARTQUAKE 
6. HURRICANE 
7. VOLCANIC ERUPTION
8. FLOOD

others:

• laud: soroll
• Compass: brúixola
• size: mida
• huge: gegant
• enormous: enormes
• terrible: terrible 
• dust: pols
• fantastic: fanatastic
• dorp: caure
• sunrise: sortida del sol
• sunset: posta de sol
• What's the matter: que passa 
• I'm not sure: no estic segura 
• Oh no! : ho no

• Let me think...: deixam pensar 
• I Don't know What to do: no se que fer 
• Ok. Don't panic: no pateixis 
• For one thing: per una part 
• I hope so: així espero 
• Not sure: no estic segur 
• Panic: pànic 
• Thing: cosa 
• Compass: brúixola
• First aid kid: maleta primers euxilis
• Pencknife: navalla
• Sleeping bad: sac de dormir 
• Hope so: així ho espero
• No: no
• Matter: passa 
• Know What: no ho se
• Think: algo 
• Inahabited: habitada 
• Althought: tot i que 
• Rises: aixecar 
• Descobert: descobridor 

Survival Essentials:

• Suncream: Crema Solar
• Water Bottle: ampolla d'aigua
• Sunglasses: Ulleres de sol
• Compass: Bruixula
• Map: Mapa
• Sleeping bag: Sac de dormir
• Penkinife: Navalla
• Torch: Lot
• first aid kit: Botiquí de primers auxilis
• Camera: Camara
• Glasses: Ulleres
• Conact Lenses: Líquid de es lentilles.

GRAMMAR:

PAST SIMPLE: 

2 possibilities 

• ending -ED 
• IRREGULAR VERBS 

Negative: DIDN'T 

I played ------------- I didn´t play

I sang ------------- I didn't sing

questions: DID

I played --------------- did you play ?

I sang ---------------- did you sing ?

USED TO:

means: acustomava

when I was young           I used to play football
                                        I didn't use to play football
                                        Did you use to play football



When to use USE TO?

• HABITS IN THE PAST
• NEVER USE USED TO FOR HABITS IN THE PRESENT

                I play football twice a week
                I use to  play football twice a week

•  NEVER USE USED TO TO TALK ABOUT THINGS THAT HAPPENED ONLY ONCE OR WITH THE NUMBER OF TIMES THEY HAPPENED  

                They had three snowstorms last year

                They used to  have three snowstorms last year

                My brother lived there for four years 

                My brother used to   live there for four years


Watch this video if you don't understend it

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EvjdYDhyfv4

examples:

• Sea levels used to be higher than they are today
• I didn't use to worry about bad things happenimg when I was younger, but now I do.
• Did you to walk to school when you were a child?                       

activity:

____ you ____(have) a garden

PAST CONTINUOUS:

                       present continuous                                                 past continuous

                      subject+verb be+ving                                             subject+ verb be (past) + v ing


                      i'm playing football                                                 i was playing football
                     jo estic....                                                               jo estava...

NEGATIVE:


                    she insn't working                                                  she wasn't working 


QUESTION:
   

                  Where are you living?                                           where were you live?
                  on estàs vivint?                                                       on estaves vivint?

PAST PERFECT

                        present perfect                                                      past perfect

                       I have worked                                                      I had worked
                          ↓                                                                           ↓
                     Jo he treballat                                                      Jo havia treballat

SUBJ + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPAL              ⇏               SUBJ + HAD + PAST PARTICIPAL
              HAS 




NEGATIVE:

I haven't worked                                                                 I hadn't worked
David isn't done                                                                  David hasn't done it


QUESTIONS:

Have you played well?                                                   had you played well?



USES OF PAST PERFECT:

Actions that happened before the action of the main verb

example: I couldn't call you because I had forgotten my mobile phone at house.


exercices:

1. When they finally found her, she................ (be) lost for a week
2. I realized that i.............(forget) to bring any water
3. I was amazed that they......... (not bring) any warm clothes with them
4. ....... they...... (told) anyone where they were going?
5. ..... you ...... (plan) to stay out overnight?
6. We ....... ( not see) the news story on the TV, so it came as a complete surprise 

ASWERS:

1. HAD BEEN
2. HAD FORGOTTEN
3. HADN'T BROUGHT 
4. HAD/TOLD
5. HAD/PLANNED
6. HADN'T SEEN

UNIT 1🌸

VOCABULARY:

- high winds: fort vent ( 6 )
- boiling: bullint ( 5 )
- snowstorm: tempesta ( 7 )
- hail: calamarsada ( 3 )
- freezing: que gela (4 )
- heat wave: onada de calor ( 8 )
- thunder and lightning: trona i llamps ( 2 )
- heavy rain: pluja forta ( 1 )

- rainning cats and dogs: ploure a bots i barrals
- fall: caure (get lower)
- outdoors: exterior ( outside a house or bulding)
- indoors: interior (inside a house or bulding)
- sub-zero conditions: sorta zero (when the temperature is less than 0 ºC)
- rise: aixecar-se (get higher)
- melt: desfer-s'he (change from solid to liquid)
- drop: caure

GRAMMAR:
PRESENT SIMPLE

  






                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             












affirmative:
I / WE / YOU / THEY ----------  verb
HE / SHE / IT ---------- verb + S

negative:
I / WE / YOU THEY ------- don't + verb
HE / SHE / IT ---------- doesn't + verb

questions:
DO -----------I / WE / YOU / THEY
DOES------------ HE / SHE / IT

1))

1. Add the ending........ (or -es) to the verb for he, .....  and it
2. Use ...... and ...... to form negative sentences.
3. Use ...... and ...... to form questions.
4. Use........ and don't to form short answers with I, you, we and they, and..... and doesn't with he she and it.

ANSWERS:

1.  -S / SHE 
2. DON'T / DOESN'T 
3. DO / DOES
4. DO / DOES 

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

verb to BE + VERB ENDING  -ING

Affirmative
I'm ------- sleeping
He's / she's / it's  ------- sleeping
We're / you're / they're ------- sleeping 

negative
I'm not
He / she / it ... isn't ------- listening 
We / you / they ...aren't ------- listening 

questions
Am..... i ------ sleeping
Is ....... he / she / it ------ sleeping 
Are ...... we / you / they ----- sleeping

We use the present continuous to talk about actions that are in progress at the time of speaking or around that time.
They are chasing a storm at the moment.
I'm doing an experiment this week


1)) complete the sentences with the correct form of the present continuous. use this verbs :
       DO    GET     MAKE     PLAY       STUDY 

1. I ......... anything special at the moment - i'm really bored!
2. they're really busy this week - they ............... ready to move to a new house 
3. This month, in our French class, we............ a video about sports 
4. she ............ a lot of tennis at the moment because she ........... for her exams 

anwers:

1.  'm not doing
2. 're getting 
3. 're making
4.  isn't doing / 's studying  

PRESENT SIMPLE VS PRESENT CONTINUOUS 

• We use the present simple to talk about facts, habits and routines.

                  My sister likes cold weather

                  I go to school early every day

• We use the present continuous to talk about actions in progress at the time pf speaking or around that time .

                 I'm working on my school project at the moment.

                Silvia is driving to work this week 

• We use adverbs of frequency ( always, often etc.) with the present simple, and at the moment and now the present continuous

              My dad often plays computer games with me.

              My teacher is walking into the classroom now.

1)) circle the correct options:

1. What are they doing / do they do right now? 
2. Are you playing / do you play a lot of football this year?
3. We don't watch / aren't watching TV at the moment 
4. I take / 'm taking some photographs for my Art class at the moment.
5. Where does she go / is she going now?
6. They aren't often going / don't offend go on holiday.
7. Do you go / are you going to the cinema every week?
8. He spends / 's spending two hours a day on his computer.

ANWERS:

1. Are they doing 
2. Are you playing
3. Aren't watching 
4. 'm talking 
5. Is she going 
6. Don't often go 
7. Do you go
8. Spends 

ADVERBS AND EXPRESSIONS OF FREQUENCY

Always: sempre
almost: gairebé
usually: noramalment
sometimes: a vegades
often, seldom : sovint
hardly ever: gairebé mai
never: mai 

• We use adverbs of frequency to say how often something happens.
• We put them before the main verb, but after the verb to be.

           It hardly ever snow here.
          There are often snowstorms here in winter.

• Often, sometimes and usually can also come at the beginning of the sentence.

         Sometimes, my family and I have barbecues.          

EXPRESSIONS OF FREQUENCY 

EVERY _________________________________ DAY/WEEK/WEEKEND/YEAR

ONCE/TWICE/THREE TIMES..... ________________________ A DAY/ A WEEK

                                                                                                                      /A MONTH/A YEAR

• We also use expressions of frequency to say how often something.
• We usually place expressions of frequency after the verb phrase, but they can also come at the beginning or end of a sentence.

                  I see my friends twice a week.
                 Every weekend , they buy food from the market.

• We can use an expression of frequency and an adverb of frequency in the same sentence.

                 I usually go on holiday once a year  




1)) Put the words in the correct order to make sentences about life in norther Norway.

1. in / never / bored / are / We / summer 

         _________________________________________ 

     2.  twice / month / are / once / snowstorms / or / a / There 

  

         __________________________________________

     3.  ever / The / temperature / -10 ºC / goes / hardly / above 

        __________________________________________

     4.  Sometimes / polar bears / summer / the / in / are / there / village / in

        ______________________________________________________

    5.  go / every / we / skating / In / winter / weekend 

        __________________________________________

ANWERS:

1. We are never bored in summer 
2. there are snowstorms once or twice a month 
3. the temperature hardly ever goes above -10 ºC
4. Sometimes in summer the polar bears are in the village.
5. in winter we go skating every weekend 

VOCABULARY:

- Food and drink: menjar i beure 
- Clothes: roba
- Entertainment: entreteniment 
- Health care: salud
- Communication: cumunicació
- A home: una casa
- Education: educació 
- Money: diners

- Perhaps you're right: potser tens raó
- I don't think so: no penso aixó 
- I think:  jo penso
- Maybe: potser 
- I suppose so: jo tambe ho crec 
- Yes, that's true: sí, es veritat
- I reckon: suposo , imagino....

ACTIVITY:

 1. complete the sentences. Use the correct form of the present simple.
          1. Peter ________________ three kilometres every morning. 
          2. What de they____________? They_____________ teachers.
          3. He______________ a very good student.
          4. Mary_____________ a lot of work to do this week.
          5. How many people______________ in Madrid?

 2. Write questions for the answers:
          1. __________________________________
               She works in a  big company
          2. __________________________________
               He lives in London 
          3.___________________________________
               I visit my grandma once a month.
          4.___________________________________
               No, they don't. They only like tennis.

 3. Write the words in the correct order using the correct form of the verb:
          1.  never / you / He / anything / give
              ______________________________________________________________________

          2.  have / some cereal / I / for breakfast / always
              ______________________________________________________________________

          3.  in Spain / It / very hot / usually / in summer / be 
              ______________________________________________________________________

          4. sometimes / go / to the cinema / She / at / weekends
              ______________________________________________________________________

          5. to the doctor / once a year / go / Peter 
              ______________________________________________________________________

 4.- Complete the sentence. Use the present continuous.
          1.  Sorry, I can't help you now. I ________________ for the an exam.
          2.  What _______________ they ________________?
          3.  Where's Paul? He __________________ the guitar.
          4.  What book ___________________ you _______________? Jane Eyre. I love it.
          5.  What are they doing? They________________ football in the garden.



 5.- Correct the mistakes in each sentence:
          1. I'm always waking up at seven o'clock. 
               ____________________________________________________________
          2. He likes once a year to go home 
              ____________________________________________________________
          3. You like running?
              ____________________________________________________________
          4. He has often  ski lessons.
              ____________________________________________________________
          5. What do they do now? They are watching TV.
               ____________________________________________________________

6.- Circle the correct form of the verb:

          1. We usually  are playing / play tennis at weekends 

          2. Don't interrupt! We are studying / study now!

          3. I am cooking / cook at the moment. Pick up the phone, please!

          4. Sarah never is helping / helps at home 

          5. Joe is reading / reads a book at the moment.

ANSWERS

1)) 

1.  Walks 
2. Do / are
3. Is 
4. Has
5. Live   

2))

1. Where does she works?
2. Where does he live?
3. How often do you visit your grandma?
4. Do they like karate?

3))

1. He never gives you anything
2. I always have some cereal for breakfast 
3. It be usually very hot in summer in Spain 
4. She sometimes goes to the cinema at weekends 
5. Peter goes to the doctor once a year 

4)) 

1. 
   

    I'm studing 
2. 
   

   What are they doing
3. 
   

   Is playing
4. 
   

   Are you reading
5. 
   

   Are playing

5))

1. I always wake up at seven o'clock 
2. He likes to go home once a year
3. Do you like running
4. He often has ski lessons 
5. What are they doing now?

6))

1. Play
2. Are studying 
3. Am cooking
4. Helps 
5. Is reading